Researchers have proposed a framework for responsible artificial intelligence (AI) in groundwater modeling. The framework is based on six principles: transparency, technical robustness, privacy governance, fairness, accountability, and sustainability. The authors developed two AI models using multi-source data from the Heihe River Basin and found that one of them outperformed the other in terms of accuracy, robustness, and interpretability. The study aims to support sustainable water management under climate change and human activities. --- Why it matters: This research matters because it addresses the need for responsible AI in a critical domain like groundwater modeling, where accurate predictions can have significant impacts on water resources and ecosystems. Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.15657